Friday, November 15, 2019

The "medium is the massage: In search of the perfect therapeutic manipulation


European spas are popular relaxation vacations
(Courtesy: Pixabay)


CHARLOTTE, NC — For as long as I can remember, whenever I have read a travel story by a female writer who had been to a spa, words would gush forth with so much adulation and euphoria that it seemed impossible that one human being could feel so totally renewed from a little bit of scrubbing, polishing, waxing, exfoliating and rubbing.

Words like “pamper” and “divine” and “luscious” and “exquisite” and “marvelous” are just a few of the buzzwords necessary to write a top-notch article about wellness.

Using that premise as the source of my inspiration, I decided that spa hopping should no longer be the personal domain of a totally feminine pursuit.  I was determined that I was going to scour the globe in search of the perfect massage.


Spa at Baden Baden, Germany
(Courtesy: Baden Baden Tourism)
After all, why should the gals have all the fun? So I determined that I was going to find out what all the fuss was about, even at the risk of turning into a girlie-man.

I lost my spa virginity at Champneys which is located in the small town of Tring in Hertfordshire. Situated about 30 miles northwest of London, over the years Champneys has become one of the most popular spa destinations in Great Britain. As the oldest health farm in the United Kingdom, it is rich in history and tradition.

Since I was new to the game, I chose a basic massage, although there were so many choices it was practically impossible to know what to try;  Aromatherapy, Body Radiance, Babor Scen-Tao, Dry Flotation, Citrus Body Glow, Indian Head Massage, Reflexology, Shiatsu and on and on.  And that was only a partial list. 

There was even something called a “Chocolate Wrapper” which was some sort of chocolate therapy.  For all I knew that was where you slathered yourself in milk chocolate and decided whether to call yourself a Snickers or a Three Musketeers.


Abrasives help exfoliation
(Courtesy: Pixabay)

The first order of business was to take a shower and exfoliate using sea salt.  The guys in our group took turns scrubbing each other's backs.

We all agreed that the salt rubbing process would be backs only and above the waist.  All other areas were off-limits and would either be self-administered or simply remain "foliated."

After drying off, each of us was escorted to a separate dimly lit room with pastoral music playing in the background.  I was told to remove my towel, get under the sheet, lay face down on the table and my therapist would be with me in a moment.


Entrance to Champneys at Tring
(Photo: George F -- licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0
Generic license)
In the end, my first massage turned out to be a rather pleasant experience, but I still wasn’t ready to spew forth all those glorious accolades I had read about in the travel magazines just yet. 

For one thing, I discovered right away that European-style health farms are not the same as the spas back home.  Or at least Champneys wasn’t. 

To begin with, most of the clients were walking around in dressing gowns and slippers.  It was supposed to be an elegant health and wellness resort, but for me it felt more like a hospital or a sanitarium. That ambience alone was immediately off-putting.

When afternoon tea rolled around, clients would drink various mineral or herbal concoctions and nibble on melba toast.  Meals, though most assuredly healthy, consisted of small portions of broiled this and that, several varieties of lettuce which appeared that they could just have easily been clippings from something the gardener had been doing on the grounds earlier that afternoon, and any number of veggies that were unrecognizable.  As I looked around, I realized that a glass of water was considered dessert.


A healthy diet 
(Courtesy: Pixabay)
The grounds were beautiful.  The resort was luxurious.  The staff and the service were superb.  But the manner in which the clientele utilized the facility made me more uncomfortable than relaxed.  I was sure that the dress code was designed for comfort and convenience, but “wellness” was not the term I would have used to describe how everyone looked.

The  next opportunity for my massage research came in Istanbul, the only city in the world built on two continents.  As such, it has always been a crossroads of trade and culture.  Istanbul is bustling and exotic, but there is something that is also mysterious and decadent about the city.


Istanbul is a city of mystery and intrigue
(Courtesy: Pixabay)
Obviously, being in Istanbul, the goal was to experience a genuine Turkish bath.

On my way down to the hammam, which simply means “bathroom,” I passed a fellow member of our group who was just leaving.

“How was it?” I asked.

“Go for it,” he said with a big smile on his face. 

Somehow his devilish smirk didn’t strike me as being the endorsement I was seeking. Nevertheless, this was part of my discovery process, and I was determined to find out what a real Turkish bath was like.


Inside a typical Turkish "hamman" (bath house)
(Photo: San -- licensed under the Creative Commons 
Attribution 3.0 Unported license)
Though I didn’t know it at the time, a Turkish bath is sort of a combination sauna and massage.  I walked into the bath-house and looked around.  It was an impressive facility filled with marble columns and floors and the soothing sounds of flowing water from a fountain in the center of the room. 

An attendant saw me and asked, “Ahh yooo Missa Tayla?”

“Yes,” I said and nodded.

“Vurrry goot.  Yooo like get reddy, now?”

“Sure.  What do I do?”

“Ahh, yes.  Firs’, yooo mus go ‘nutha room an’ undress.  Yes.  Then, yooo go firs’ room an’ unlax.  Yooo know unlax.  Take easy.  Jus’ res’ little bit, maybe.  Yes.”

After the man said it twice I realized he was trying to say “relax” so I smiled in agreement and listened to the rest of his instructions.

“Firs’ room warm room.  Make yooo sweat maybe, huh.  Yes.  Afta that, yooo move nex’ room.  Hot room.  Much warmer, I think.  Yes.  Stay in hot room little while, then come out.  OK?  Yes.”

“OK.  Yes.”  Now I felt like I was even talking like him.  “Where dI change?”

“Ova’ theah.  In tha’ room.  Thank you, sah.”

I walked to the changing room and got undressed.  I found a huge Turkish towel, wrapped it around me and strolled into the first room. 


Turkish Bath Cubicle
(Photo: licensed under the Creative Commons
 Attribution-Share

 Alike 4.0 International license)
There was a steady flow of hot, dry air permeating the room.  Having always been susceptible to heat, it didn't take  long for me to work up a sweat.  My rule of thumb in a sauna has always been to remain until it is no longer comfortable. 

  
After ten minutes or so, I was becoming moist and juicy, so I followed instructions and headed to the hot room.

Hot was right!  The room was practically unbearable.  I was trying to figure out why the second step was even necessary, but I wasn’t coming up with anything logical.  Especially for me since I was already dripping from my time in the warm room.  I stayed in the hot room for as long as I could stand it, which wasn’t very long.  Five minutes max, and probably not even that.

The three-room system was similar to that of the Romans.  The difference came after the second area when a bather entered the cold chamber.  For the Romans, it was a matter of splashing cool water on their faces and perhaps doing a full body wash.  A Turkish bath features the full body wash followed by a massage.

When I entered the cold room, an attendant was waiting for me.  He rinsed me off with a shower of cool water.  The water temperature was probably warmer than it felt because of the time I had spent in the other two heated rooms.  After a thorough cleansing, I was instructed to go to one of the arched cubicles lining the perimeter of the bath and to sit down and wait.

There were approximately twelve cubicles and each had barely enough space for one person to sit.  The main room was completely done in marble with a fountain in the middle that splashed continuously with relaxing water sounds.  Though small, the cubicle was comfortable. 

I sat there in the altogether, quietly waiting to see what was going to happen next.  I didn’t have to wait long. A small man entered the room wearing nothing but a large diaper that was tied at both sides.  It probably wasn’t a real diaper, but it looked like one. At this point, I was so intimidated that I had no intention of asking what it was called.


Exfoliation scrub
(Courtesy: Pixabay)

The therapist was muscular and solidly built with a slender frame that didn’t have an ounce of body fat.  I looked at down myself and wondered if he might like to borrow some of mine. 

He was hairy, too, with a full head of jet black, curly hair, as well as chest hair, leg hair, arm hair, facial hair and back hair.  Honestly, the man looked sinister to me
 
As the tiny Turkish hair ball in a diaper moved toward me, I realized there was no place for me to go.  After all, I was sitting there naked in a marble cubicle with barely enough room for my arms and legs. 

I cowered as he approached.  Images that he might be getting ready to slit my throat raced through my mind, until I realized he had no place to hide a knife.  This was certainly not the “relaxation” I had been hoping for. 

I thought about jumping up and making a break for it, but the Turk was too close.  I had no shot.  I was about to receive a true Turkish bath. 

The attendant didn’t say a word.  He was all business.  As his diapered frame stood before me, he reached up and pulled down a bucket of water filled with several sponges.  He placed the bucket on the floor and then strategically put one of his hairy little legs between mine and began washing me.  It was truly a “full” body wash. 

The Turk scrubbed, scoured, exfoliated and rinsed, and then he did it some more.  I was panic stricken, but damned if I wasn’t clean.  For fifteen solid minutes, the human fur ball worked me over.  I didn’t spend that much time detailing my car. 

When he finished, I was exhausted, but I wasn’t quite sure whether it was fear or a massive dose of wellness that had done me in.

“Rest now,” he said and walked out of the room.

I knew there was supposed to be a massage that followed, but I didn’t wait around to complete the project.  I raced to the dressing room as quickly as I could, put my clothes on and left.

As I sprinted out the door, another attendant saw me and yelled, “Wait!  No finish.  Is more.  Yooo come back.  Yes?”

“No,” I yelled back.  “Put it on my bill.”


Temple in Kyoto, Japan
(Courtesy: JNTO)

When I went to Japan, I knew that I would have to refine my search to have better success.  I had read about the magnificent Japanese thermal baths that are fed by natural springs deep within the earth, but what I really wanted to try was something called Ashiatsu Massage which is popular in China, Thailand as well as Japan. 

Ashiatsu is a method of massage where you lie on the floor and the practitioner walks across your back and neck using her feet to target specific pressure points.

As luck would have it, there was a placard on the front desk advertising the availability of Ashiatsu right in the hotel.  All that was necessary was to call the concierge and request an appointment. 
      
As it turned out, there were no spa facilities in the hotel.  The therapist would personally come to my room to perform the massage.
      
Just before 8:30, I turned off the TV to wait for the therapist to arrive.  At the precise appointment time, there was a knock at the door.  I walked across the room and opened the door to greet the Japanese woman who would soon be alleviating all my aches and pains with her unique barefoot technique.


Back walking
(Courtesy: U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers Europe --

licensed under the Creative 
Commons Attribution 2.0
Generic license)


I had barely opened the door when a small Asian blur streaked past me and ran to the television.  She quickly turned it on and then rushed back toward me.  When she reached where I was standing, she propped open the door and motioned me toward the center of the room.  I had no clue what was happening, and I certainly didn’t know why there was such urgency.

The TV was now blaring away with the sounds of the Japanese World Series.  The tiny Japanese woman lowered the sound just enough to be able to hear the play-by-play.  Then she started to undo my belt.  She whipped it open and just as rapidly unzipped my pants.  Within seconds she pushed me toward the bed and in a single two-handed movement ripped my pants off and flung them into the corner.

Next she took a pillow from the bed and plopped it on the floor.  She looked at me and motioned that I lay down face first.

“You lay.  Put face down,” was all she said.

Within seconds I was on the floor with my head facing the television set watching a baseball game from beneath the screen. 

I had no chance to voice my opinion, however.  I was on the mat quicker than Sonny Liston after a punch from Muhammad Ali. Within seconds, there was a small Japanese woman stomping on my back with her bare feet.

Her haste had been so that she could watch the game as she pounded me into oblivion like a vat of Chianti grapes.

      
Still, I had to ask myself, why did I have to be the lucky soul to get the only therapist in Tokyo who was an avid Seibu Lions fan during the middle of the Japanese World Series.

After a few minutes I realized I didn’t need to watch the game.  I could tell exactly what was happening by the way she moved her feet.  If Seibu struck out, she stomped.  If they got a base hit, she wiggled her toes into the small of my back.  A double resulted in her running in place on my spine.  Thank God, nobody hit a home run.


Massage can eliminate tension and revitalize you
(Courtesy: Pixabay)
Intermingled among the regime of perpetual hopscotch movements, there would be periodic squeals of glee or grunts of anger depending upon the status of her beloved Lions. 

All I could hear was the reactionary vocalisms of my Asian tormentor and the rhythmic noise of the thunder sticks that are so typical at Japanese baseball games.

Mercifully the treatment came to an end 50 minutes and an inning and a half later.  I could only thank the Almighty that Seibu didn’t score during my session, thereby leaving me only partially dead. 

My aches and pains were now transferred to my chest.  Tiny as she was, I was convinced that my sadistic little therapist became a yeti once she mounted my back.

This was merely the first half of my global search for the ultimate in therapeutic relaxation. There was a long way to go before I would reach that Fourth of July "ooohhh, aaahhh" moment. But that's for next week's installment.
                 

Friday, November 8, 2019

The five most beautiful small towns in Europe...or are they?


Lake cruise on the Lake of Brienz, one of the two lakes of 
Interlaken
(Courtesy: MySwitzerland.com)
EUROPE — Listing the five most beautiful towns in Europe (including the UK for simplicity), is rather like picking the best five of any category be it novels, sports teams, actors, desserts and on and on ad infinitum.

Therefore, for clarification's sake, this story is about five delightfully charming villages among literally hundreds of possible choices throughout the  European continent. Rather than defining them as the BEST, perhaps a better description would be to label them as "European Charmers" that are filled nostalgic character, cobblestone streets, ancient bell towers and/or half-timbered buildings that conjure historic images that appeal to almost every one who visits.


Rothenburg ob der Tauber is a German favorite
(Courtesy: Pixabay)
With those parameters as a guide, here are five alphabetically listed surefire travel gems filled with storybook romance that is the stuff of traveler's dreams.


Hvar, Croatia is frequently a delightful surprise
(Courtesy: Pixabay)
Hvar, Croatia: Affectionately known as the "Queen of the Croatian Dalmatian Islands," Hvar's important strategic and nautical position brought it ancient fame and riches that live on today in its cultural and literary legacy.

Thanks to warm winters and pleasant summers,  Hvar receives many travelers who are attracted by the dense natural Mediterranean surroundings combined with rich tradition, architecture and rousing nightlife.

Of course it doesn't hurt that the always fickle international jet-set has discovered this marriage of medieval charm and sun drenched beaches in recent  years as well.


Hvar is undiscovered
(Courtesy: Pixabay)
Not that being part of the lifestyles of the rich and famous makes Hvar any more unique than it already was with its fields of lavender, ancient olive trees and vineyards that are a harmonious blend between man and nature, the notoriety doesn't hurt.

Recently ranked among the ten most beautiful islands in the world, Hvar features a beautiful city center, complete with Gothic palaces and marble stone streets, many of  which are car-free.


Sunrise over the Schilthorn and Piz Gloria near Interlaken
(Courtesy: Pixabay)
Interlaken, Switzerland: Deriving its name by being situated between two stunning lakes, the Lake of Thun and the Lake of Brienz, the Swiss town of Interlaken is a mecca for adventure travelers. Aside from sledging and kayaking, the town features one of the world's most epic skydiving experiences: a 20-minute flight over the mountains, followed by a 45-second free fall drop before your instructor deploys the parachute.


Sherlock Holmes statue,
Meiringen
(Photo: Taylor)
For less suicidal travelers, the centrally located town in the heart of the Bernese Oberland is the gateway to the Jungfraujoch and the home of the highest railway station in Europe, the Schilthorn and James Bond's Piz Gloria, the spectacular waterfall road through the Lauterbrunnen Valley, the Sherlock Holmes village of Meiringen and nearby Reichenbach Falls where the consulting detective fought to the death with his arch-enemy Moriarity, Grand Hotel Giessbach at Giessbach Falls on Lake Brienz as well as the woodcarver's village of Brienz itself.


Grand Hotel Giessbach 
outside Interlaken 
(Photo: Taylor)
Don't be surprised to serenaded now and then by the mournful sounds of alphorns emanating from the street beneath your hotel window. Chocoholics can even create their own treats at Funky Chocolate.

Interlaken is Switzerland at its quintessential best.


Bell tower overlooks stunning Kotor Bay
(Courtesy: Ggia--licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license)

Kotor, Montenegro: Returning to the former Yugoslavia, Kotor is reminiscent of the fjords of Norway blended to perfection with Italy's Lake Como. All that is needed to provide full credibility is to add the word UNESCO to the Old Town of Kotor and little else needs to be said.

Part of the modern day charm of Kotor is the seemingly wacky layout of its streets. Historically the reason was to provide protection from invasion. Thus, today the city fathers encourage visitors to "lose" themselves as the best way to discover the destination.

Located on the Bay of Kotor, one of the most indented parts of the Adriatic Sea, the old Mediterranean port of Kotor is surrounded by fortifications built during the days when Venice dominated sea trade.


Cruise ship sails into Kotor Bay
(Courtesy: Pixabay)
The reference to the fjords, which some authorities have even termed the southern-most fjord in Europe, is a submerged river canyon known as a "ria."  Together with the  overhanging limestone cliffs of Orjen and Lovćen, Kotor and its surrounding area form an impressive landscape.


Rothenburg's quintessential photograph
(Courtesy: Bernard Werner -- licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-
Share Alike 4.0 International license)
Rothenburg ob der Tauber, Germany: Even many Germans   believe that Rothenburg obder Tauber, with its medieval Old Town, is the best preserved city in Germany.

CondeNast Traveler says "If you can swing it, plan your visit for December, when the town transforms into a winter wonderland with snow-dusted rooftops, glowing storefronts, and cozy taverns. And don't forget about the Reiterlesmarkt, one of the best Christmas markets in the entire country."

Nowhere else in Germany will you find such an eclectic wealth of original buildings dating from the Middle Ages featuring the secluded squares and tucked-away corners of the old quarter. Here towers, taverns and town gates alternate with fountains, fortifications and former storehouses.


Rothenburg beckons
(Courtesy: Pixabay)
It doesn't really matter where you go in Rothenburg because new and wonderful sights await at every turn. And whichever you choose to visit, there's always a cozy inn waiting afterwards in which you can satisfy your hunger and quench your thirst.


Rye's Mermaid Hotel was built in 1420 and renovated in
the 17th century
(Photo: Public Domain)
Rye, England: Another important shipping center, this one since Roman times, Rye in East Sussex was once entirely surrounded by sea. The best views of the hodge-podge of medieval terra cotta roofs and timbered walls are from St. Mary's Parish Church tower or the Ypres Tower, the two oldest buildings in town.

If you're visiting in late winter/early spring, don't miss the annual Bay Scallop Week.


The Old Bell Inn is Rye's
oldest pub
(Courtesy: Tony Hisgett -- licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution 
2.0 Generic license)  
Said to be the oldest pub in Rye, The Old Bell Inn is located among its cobblestone streets. The 15th century building has a dark wood interior and a bare wooden boarded floor plus a small garden at the front.

There are two hand-pumps on the bar counter and a limited food menu. At lunchtime the entire pub is laid for diners, with signs that read "Diners only 12 to 4." Drinkers are only tolerated if the pub is not busy.

For a day trip, Rye is an easy two-hour train ride ay trip from London's  St. Pancras International Station.

 There you have it, five gems in the "jewel box" of Europe, but remember, as good as they are, you've only just scratched the surface.

Friday, November 1, 2019

Giant trolls hiding in Belgium forest

Hidden in the dense forest in Boom, Belgium seven giant
trolls created by artist Thomas Dambo are lurking 
(Courtesy: Thomas Dambo)

BOOM, BELGIUM — Once upon a time there were seven giant trolls hiding in the forest of the De Schorre Provinciaal Recreatiedomein in Boom, Belgium.

The ginormous creatures are the most recent project of artist Thomas Dambo who has been creating massive wooden trolls and hiding them throughout forests and wilderness areas all around the world. With a personal goal to create awareness of the potential for materials that often go to waste, the Copenhagen, Denmark based Dambo uses only recycled materials to craft all of his works.

Dambo has always loved
legends and myths
(Courtesy: Thomas Dambo)
Says Dambo, “By doing this, I hope to lure people away from concrete cities and computer screens, into the wild and reconnect them with the natural world.”

At the same time, Dambo is striving to reduce discarded waste that threatens our natural environment throughout the planet.

What better way then to celebrate the day after Halloween than to introduce you to the imaginative world of Thomas Dambo and his latest collection of fantastic "Gullivarian" giants that are secretly living in Belgium's De Schorre Provincial Park?

The massive trolls are hidden in the woods as part of a fairytale project called The 7 Trolls and The Magical Tower, a poetic story Dambo wrote just for this particular fantasy. It's all part of his lifelong passion for legends and mythology.

Thomas Dambo's "Friends"
(Courtesy: Fhomas Dambo)
“Since I was a child, I always loved to hear different fairytales and folklore stories, and dream myself away into magical worlds filled with dragons and trolls,” the artist writes on his website.

Historically, trolls have been the domain of Scandinavian traditions, particularly those of Norway. Typically, trolls are dwarf-like creature that dwell in isolated rocks, mountains, or caves, live together in small family units, and are rarely helpful to human beings.

Depending on the source, their appearance varies greatly; trolls may be hairy, ugly, unkempt and dim-witted, however, they can also look and behave exactly like human beings, with no particularly grotesque characteristics about them.

Time to emerge from hiding to get some water
(Courtesy: Thomas Dambo)
As their legend evolved in Scandinavia, trolls became beings in their own right, where they lived far from human habitation, were not Christianized and were considered dangerous to humans.

Sometimes, trolls are associated with particular landmarks, which is often explained as having been formed from a troll that was exposed to sunlight.

The Tower took half of a year to build
(Courtesy: Thomas Dambo)
Dambo's creations are shocking, beautiful,  mysterious and huge, measuring anywhere between 23 and 59 feet. The tower in Dambo's latest installation in Belgium is an impressive 56 feet tall and took the artist, along with a crew of 15 assistants, a total of 25 weeks to construct.

Out for a walk with his pet
(Courtesy: Thomas Dambo)
 Dambo finds most of the raw materials for his sculptures in city dumpsters at supermarkets or pallets and fallen trees. Hoping to inspire more people to do the same and to see trash as a resource, the self-proclaimed ‘recycle art activist’ says his larger-than-life public sculptures are "upcycled" rather than recycled.

Trolls are usually hairy, ugly
and devilish
(Courtesy: Thomas Dambo)
Not all of Thomas Dambo's art involves massive trolls and towers hiding out in forests.  He is often commissioned to make all types of furniture as well as large and small interior designs. Dambo draws his inspiration by his surroundings and the people around him.

In one recent project that took two months to complete, Dambo supervised a team comprised of 700 students, 100 volunteers, an orphanage and an elderly home, to transform three tons of plastic waste into a colorful forest bursting with trees, plants, flowers and animals.

Visitors wishing to delve into the forest to "troll" for trolls can find maps and other information on The 7 Trolls and The Magical Tower on Thomas Dambo'swebsite.

This is not a critter you'd want to encounter at night in a
dark alley
(Courtesy: Thomas Dambo)
So if you happen to be anywhere near Boom, Belgium in the north-central part of the  country, you might be interested in going for stroll for a troll. No tricks. Just one HUGE treat.

"Book'em, Dambo!"

Friday, October 25, 2019

Travel into the past on futuristic European trains

Eurostar train exits the Channel Tunnel connecting
 London to Paris in about three hours  
(Courtesy: Rail Europe)

EUROPE — As flying becomes an increasingly tedious means of travel and driving gets more and more expensive, savvy American travelers are rapidly waking up to the idea of using trains as their primary mode of transportation in Europe.

Rail Europe is easily the best one-stop shop for information about rail passes and just about anything else you will need to stay on track while traveling by rail on the continent.

Germany's sleek ICE
(Courtesy: Rail Europe)
So what are the big advantages of using trains over some of our more traditional American methods of movement?

·      Frequency of service
·      Comfort
·      Speed (most trips of 3 1/2 hours or less are faster by rail)
·      Arrivals and departures are usually city-center to city-center
·      Food services on board
·      Wi-Fi access

Most of Europe's larger countries continue to expand high speed rail services with trains that typically speed through the countryside at 186-miles per hour. France, Germany and Italy alone have a combined total of nearly 55,000 miles of track.

TGV in the French Riviera
(Courtesy: Rail Europe)
Some countries such as Italy, which could not justify the expense of building dedicated high speed rail lines, cleverly adapted many of their best trains to tilt, thus making them capable of utilizing existing tracks to accommodate higher speeds.

If there is a drawback for inexperienced travelers, it may be the seemingly overwhelming number of rail passchoices since each country has individual services which suit their specific needs. That can also translate to confusion about which rail pass is best for your purposes or if individual point-to-point tickets are a better option.

Trains operate throughout the day with plenty of service to 
every corner of Europe  
(Courtesy: Rail Europe)
Today the Eurail network encompasses 31 countries, which can be intimidating for someone to navigate through the myriad of passes to locate the proper ticket at the best price?

For starters, Rail Europe's prices run from calendar year to calendar year...the price of a pass on January 1 will be the  same until December  31.

Rail passes are user friendly
(Courtesy: Rail Europe)
Next, and this is the single most important thing to know about rail passes, there really are ONLY two main types of pass; Consecutive Days and Flexipasses.

A Consecutive Day Pass is good for travel every day during a specified time period. For example, an eight- day pass that is validated on the first day of a month will expire at the beginning of the ninth day. You are not required to use the pass each day but you do forfeit any days of rail time that are not used during the eight day time frame.

Panoramic train in Switzerland
(Courtesy: Rail Europe)
A Flexipass, on the other hand, allows riders to select when they want to travel during a given period of time. If you purchase three days of travel during a 15 day period, you can then choose which three days you will travel during the time period of two weeks plus one day.

That's it! EVERY rail pass is a combination of one of those types.

From that point on you can purchase single country passes, combination passes, multiple country passes and so on. Therefore, if you will only be traveling in Switzerland, why buy a pass that also includes France and Germany? It makes no sense.

Some trains, like the Cisalpino, tilt for extra speed
(Courtesy: Rail Europe)
Just keep in mind that, generally, the more countries you add and the more days you buy will determine the final price.

With that said many passes have some excellent discounts. Be sure to check for senior or children's discounts.

Saverpasses offer discounts for
2 to 5 people traveling together
(Courtesy: Rail Europe)
A Saverpass is another way to reduce the fare. Two to five people traveling together qualify as a group as long as they travel with each other.

Some people try to save money by going second class rather than first. Let's face it, if you're going to spend the money to go all the way to Europe, this is not the place to cut corners.

First Class interior of a Thalys, often called "Big Red"
(Courtesy: Rail Europe)
The main difference between first and second class is comfort. Seating configurations in first class means fewer seats and more space, and there are fewer people in the compartment so travel is quieter and less crowded.

Again, each country has its own way of doing things so services will vary. In fact, the time of day you travel can also determine which services are offered on similar types of trains within a single country.

Some trains offer meals served at your seat and complimentary drinks, adding to the advantages of first class, and even before departing some stations there’s priority check-in and access to lounges.

Train Bleu Restaurant in Gare du Nord in Paris hearkens to
 a Golden Age of travel  
(Courtesy: Rail Europe)
 Of course, it's always up to the individual traveler, but it is probably better to skimp o costs elsewhere. With the added benefits, it’s often advisable to choose first class to enjoy the perks.

It's important to note that some high speed trains like the French TGVs do require reservations which have an additional small fee. It is always best to check in advance.

Timetables are released six months in advance, and reservations can generally be made three to six months before the travel dates. Savings of up to 80 per cent are not unusual when booking early fares.

With a Swiss Travel Pass you can visit the Castle of Chillon 
for free  
(Courtesy: MySwitzerland.com)
One of the most overlooked aspects of traveling with a rail pass is the bonuses. Some passes can just about pay for themselves by taking advantage of free or reduced fares that come with pass. In Switzerland, for example, a Swiss Travel Pass offers free admission to over 500 museums throughout the country.

Atocha Railway Station in Madrid with its botanical garden in the center  
(Courtesy: Rail Europe)
 Riding the rails through Europe is travel as it should be...clean, comfortable and positive. Don't let the quantity of passes overwhelm you. You will be richly rewarded if you simply take the time to "train yourself."